A Brief Introduction

The solar-wind power generator converts solar and wind energy into electricity. Solar-wind generators have been widely used in telecommunication, microwave, optical cable transmission, and railroad communication. They can also serve as electricity sources in remote areas and for troops on islands and mobile facilities.

The solar-wind power generator system is composed of the solar panel, wind turbine, charge controller, battery bank, and inverter. Since the solar panel generally has a lifespan of 20 years, and the wind turbine a lifespan of 15 years, the system can last for a long period of time with high reliability. All of our solar panels are composed of mono-crystalline silicon solar cells with high efficiency, low attenuation, good reliability, and long life-spans. In many cases, the solar wind generator can substitute for diesel generator.

Basic Operating Principles of Solar PV

Solar photovoltaics (PV) generate electricity by converting light energy to electricity. The micro-current is produced by sunlight of a certain wavelength hitting the semiconductors’ PN junctions on the solar cell. These micro-currents from the numerous PN junctions of the solar cell module join into a current.

The nucleus of the entire system is the photovoltaic array of the solar cells. To maintain the array’s steadiness and avoid shading, concrete blocks of different heights need to be built. (Concrete blocks in the front and back rows of an array are at the same horizontal height.)

The concrete blocks are equipped with different types of U-steels and stay bars made of galvanized steel. The optimum dip for solar cell array is calculated to ensure the cell plates receive the greatest sunlight in the locality. The cell plates should face south. To achieve the best sunlight, different types of stay bars (long or short) should be applied.

The highly efficient solar cell modules are installed on the array rack in a combination of series connections and parallel connections. The photovoltaic system is composed of different solar cell modules (40W, 55W, 80W, 110W, or 160W) and put under series connection as a power-supply system. Then, several solar cell power-supply units are put under parallel connection in accordance with the requirements on controller’s input current. In doing so, the solar cell power-supply units should be equipped with reverse charging preventive diodes, transmitting current from multi-circuit solar array to controller.

Solar Cell

The process of conversion of a solar radiation photon into electricity is referred to as the “photovoltaic effect,” and the device producing such effect is called a “photovoltaic device.” Achieving the highest light-to-current efficiency under sunlight, the semiconductor PN junction is often referred to as the “solar cell.” The crystal silicon solar cell is the general name for both a single-crystal silicon solar cell and a poly-silicon solar cell. As the term suggests, the former is based on a single-crystal silicon chip, and the latter on a poly-silicon chip.

The crystal silicon solar cell is a semiconductor device with PN junctions. Absorbing the luminous energy of sun, the solar cell is activated to produce electrons and cavity pairs, which are separated by self-established electric field of PN junctions inside the semiconductor. Electrons flow into area “n” and cavity pairs into area “p,” building up the photo-generated electric field. Connected with the anode and cathode of the crystal silicon solar cells, the external circuit is loaded with photo-generated current.

There are over a dozen known semiconductor materials for producing solar cells, which result in many varieties of solar cells. At present, the crystal silicon solar cell, including single-crystal silicon solar cells and poly-silicon solar cells, is the most mature technology and is of the greatest commercial value. It occupies up to 80% of the entire commercial solar cell market.

Solar cells generate electricity by using readily available, inexhaustible solar energy. It does not make any noise and does not discharge any waste or consume any working media, which makes the solar cell an ideal clean and safe energy. In addition, the solar cell has a simple structure but a wide scope of application. It is easy to install and is maintenance-free.

Normally, several solar cell chips are connected in series and in parallels to form the solar cell bunches with certain electrical capability. The solar cell array is an assembly of several solar cells. Several solar cells are connected and fastened on the brackets, wiring together to produce the desired voltage and current for the system.

For more information on solar PV, please click here:
http://www1.eere.energy.gov/solar/photovoltaics.html